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Lachlan Wolfers, Shirley Shen, John Wang, and Aileen Jiang consider the long-term trends in the global development of indirect taxation, with a particular focus on the role of technology, and the implications for China’s VAT system.

In 2017, we saw China continue with its rollout of the BEPS changes, make proposals for new incentives for foreign investment in China, and leverage new technologies for enhanced enforcement efforts. What is more, a new vision for China's international tax policy is gradually emerging. These developments are the focus of this chapter by Chris Xing, Conrad Turley, Jennifer Weng, and Karmen Yeung.

New data and technology-driven, risk-oriented, tax administration and enforcement approaches by the Chinese tax authorities are compelling taxpayers to up their game. Taxpayers are developing enhanced internal tax risk controls and IT, and engaging with the tax authorities in a collaborative manner. Tracy Zhang, Wei Fang, Anthony Chau, Lilly Li, discuss the latest trends and changes.

In 2017, we saw significant new China individual income tax (IIT) enforcement trends in relation to outbound and inbound expat tax monitoring and audit, as well as equity incentive schemes. Michelle Zhou, Jason Jiang, Sheila Zhang, Angie Ho, and Murray Sarelius highlight areas to watch for in the future.

Increasing cross-border business and investment has made the holding of assets overseas through offshore accounts increasingly common. This has become a new tax battleground for businesses and governments. Charles Kinsley, Henry Wong, and Eva Chow look at the latest developments regarding these efforts in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.

Ayesha Lau, Darren Bowdern, Michael Olesnicky, John Timpany and Curtis Ng discuss Hong Kong’s BEPS-related changes after the territory issued a consultation paper to codify and strengthen TP regulations, as well as joining the Multilateral Instrument (MLI). The Hong Kong government is also increasingly using tax policy to encourage economic development.

In accordance with China’s 13th five-year economic development plan, which commenced in 2016, new policy tools such as the environment protection tax (EPT) and a reformed resources tax (RT) are being used to promote a ‘green development philosophy’. Jessica Xie, Flora Fan, William Zhang, and Maria Mei explore these new developments and what they mean for China’s greener future.

In 2017, the Taiwan government proposed imposing VAT on foreign enterprises providing e-commerce services to Taiwan individuals, expanding the Taiwan corporate income tax (CIT) nexus rule, and making personal income tax changes. It is also looking at abolishing and replacing the corporate-shareholder imputation tax system. Stephen Hsu, Hazel Chen, Ellen Ting and Betty Lee elaborate.

In 2017, the China customs authorities took major steps to revamp their existing national structures, with consequences for audit processes and enforcement approaches. In this chapter, Eric Zhou, Rachel Tao, Cheng Dong, and Helen Han explore the impact of these reforms.

Darren Bowdern, Matthew Fenwick, and Malcolm Prebble explore the various initiatives that the Hong Kong government has introduced to boost Hong Kong’s position as a regional management hub in Asia. While Hong Kong is making positive changes to attract more funds to domicile in Hong Kong, more tax certainty is needed to convince fund managers to move.